+ The 4R principles

+ Leading the Way in Ethical Research

Replacement

Replacement

Promoting New Alternative Methods (NAMs) to reduce animal experimentation.

Reduction

Reduction

Optimizing experimental design to minimize the number of animals used.

Refinement

Refinement

Improving procedures to reduce suffering and enhance scientific quality.

Responsibility

Responsibility

Ensuring ethical standards, transparency and regulatory compliance.

Organoid AndreMaia
IMG 4845 Scaled
363fe Rec0000
A7R00535 Scaled

FOCUS-4R at a Glance

3 Outermost Regions

(Reunion, Canary Islands, Madeira).

11 Leading Partners

Academic and Non-Academic Partners.

90 Professional

Secondments to facilitate "Brain Circulation."

4 Core Ethical Principles (4R)

driving preclinical innovation.